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#85579
CLOSE-IN WEAPON SYSTEM
The Mk 15 Phalanx Close-In Weapon System (CIWS — pronounced “sea-whiz”) is a stand-alone, quick-reaction time defense system that provides final defense against incoming air targets. CIWS will automatically engage anti-ship missiles and high-speed, low-level aircraft that penetrate the ship’s primary defenses. As a stand-alone weapon system, CIWS automatically searches for, detects, tracks, evaluates for threat, fires at, and assesses kills of targets.Amanual override function allows the operator to disengage a target, if necessary.
The search and track radar antennas are enclosed in a radome mounted on top of the gun assembly (see figure 2-16). All associated electronics for radar operations are enclosed within either the radome or the Electronics Enclosure (called the ELX). CIWS is operated remotely from either a Local Control Panel (LCP) or the Remote Control Panel (RCP) located in the Combat Information Center (CIC). It has two primary modes of operation: automatic and manual. In the automatic mode, the computer program determines the threat target, automatically engages the target, and performs the search-to-kill determination on its own. In the manual mode, the operator fires the gun after CIWS has identified the target as a threat and has given a “recommend fire” indication.
CIWS was developed in the late 1970’s to defend against anti-ship cruise missiles. However, as the sophistication of cruise missiles increased, so did the sophistication of CIWS. Major changes to CIWS are referred to as “Block” upgrades. The first upgrade, known as “Block 0”, incorporated a standard rotating search antenna. Limitations of elevation in Block 0 lead to the next upgrade, Block 1. Block 1 provided improved elevation coverage and search sensitivity by using a phased-array antenna. A minor upgrade to Block 1, known as Block 1A, improved the processing power of the computer by incorporating a new high-order language. This upgrade gave CIWS the ability to (1) track maneuvering targets and (2) work with multiple weapons coordination. The next upgrade, Block 1B, enabled CIWS to engage surface targets. This upgrade is known as the Phalanx Surface Mode (PSUM). Forward-Looking Infrared Radar (FLIR), was added to CIWS to detect small surface targets (i.e., patrol/torpedo boats) and low, slow, or hovering aircraft (i.e., helicopters). This radar is mounted on the side of the radome structure. FLIR can also help the radar system engage anti-ship cruise missiles. To detect targets day or night, CIWS Block 1B uses a thermal imager and advanced electro-optic angle tracking.
Utoljára szerkesztette: Hpasp, 2017.11.24. 10:22:54