HIV can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, during birth, or through breast-feeding. With more than 19 million women worldwide currently infected with HIV or AIDS, mother-to-child transmission of the virus is rapidly becoming a significant source of new infections, especially in developing countries. Before treatment with AZT about 1 in 4 or 5 babies born to HIV-infected women became infected. Now, when treatment is taken, the HIV transmission rate from a mother to her baby is greatly reduced. Administering antiviral drugs to the mother prior to delivery can decrease the transfer of the virus to the baby.
However, the placenta acts as a barrier, restricting transfer of the drugs from the mother to the fetus. The transfer of antiviral drugs is restricted due to a protein 'pump' in the placental cells that separate the maternal and foetal blood.
Vagyis terhesség, szülés de még szoptatás alatt is átadódhat a vírus. Kb. 20-25% az esély, hogy a baba betegen fog megszületni
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